![]() ![]() ![]() Enzymatic hydrolysis of protein, lipid and carbohydrate, and transportation of metabolites is dependent mainly on water availability. Because the physiology of reserve mobilization during germination and post-germination events is still poorly understood, extensive studies must be performed to know the metabolic mechanisms of reserve food mobilization providing insights into the ability to use such seeds as planting material. Protein and oil bodies are the major reserve in oilseed which represent a source for each of energy, carbon, and nitrogen during seedling establishment. To sustain a good seedling development, seed stores a food reserve mainly as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. It begins by water imbibition, mobilization of food reserve, protein synthesis and consequence radicle protrusion. Seed germination is vital stage in plant development and can be considered as a determinant for plant productivity. Seed priming was aimed primarily to control seed hydration by lowering external water potential, or shortening the hydration period. H2O2 accumulation and associated oxidative damages together with a decline in antioxidant mechanisms can be regarded as a source of stress that may suppress germination. Recent strategies for improving seed quality involved classical genetic, molecular biology and invigoration treatments known as priming treatments. Abiotic stresses potentially affect seed germination and seedling establishment through various factors, such as a reduction in water availability, changes in the mobilization of stored reserves, hormonal balance alteration and affecting the structural organization of proteins. Seed imbibition triggered the activation of various metabolic processes such as synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes which resulted in hydrolysis of reserve food into simple available form for embryo uptake. ![]() This study is aimed to focus on proceeding of the most vital metabolic processes namely reserve mobilization, phytohormonal regulation, glyoxylate cycle and respiration process under either stressful or non-stressful conditions that may be led to suggest and conduct the more successful experimental improvements. Physiological and biochemical changes followed by morphological changes during germination are strongly related to seedling survival rate and vegetative growth which consequently affect yield and quality. Seed germination is crucial stage in plant development and can be considered as a determinant for plant productivity. ![]()
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